Looking for the hottest BDSM porn sites?
Bondage, Domination and Sado-Masochism have been around since ancient times, so it’s no surprise that BDSM has long been a staple of the porn industry. This category has expanded considerably over the years, with entire porn companies specialising in bondage-themed movies. BDSM porn giant Kink.com even had its own castle for filming depraved content!
Other sites, like Pascal’s Sub Sluts and Deviant Hardcore have been serving up content to satisfy your twisted desires for over two decades.
So, let’s crack the whip and see where to get your next fix!
What Are The Best BDSM Porn Sites?
We’ve chosen these premium kinky porn sites based on:
- How good is their production quality? Do they offer HD and well-presented videos?
- Are the providers professional studios or amateurs?
- What’s the content count, and how regular are updates?
- Are the networks offering 100% BDSM, or are they mixed niche?
- How do membership costs compare to similar sites? Do they give good value for money?
No surprises with the first entry on our list…
Kink.com
Kink.com is the largest and most well-respected BDSM network. Launched in 1997 with its classic site, Hogtied, it has now grown to include 17,000+ scenes across 91 channels that feature over 4,500 models.
Kink’s success is mainly due to its use of models, directors and crews who are themselves fetishists. It’s a site run by people who understand that kink is not just titillation, it is a way of life, and it’s also a site that knows how to produce and market quality movies. At one point, Kink was making 100 fetish movies a month in its own castle, the Armory in San Fransisco, but even now that facility has gone, they still add upwards of 60 new scenes per month to their network.
It is a large and varied network yet remains 100% fetish themed.
The channels are arranged under the main headings of BDSM/Bondage, Fetish and Femdom. Kink.com also has 34 gay channels under Kinkmen.com.
When you take a Kink.com subscription, you are taking on a way of life. You not only get 26+ years of experience, thousands of videos and high-quality content, but a chance to explore the psychological aspects of BDSM. The movies include interviews with the models describing their experiences, and the site includes the ‘Behind Kink’ blog, and links to BDSM resources including advice and social groups.
At the heart of it, though, is the BDSM porn. Most of what’s available is exclusive to Kink.com, but there is also content from other providers. We’ve pulled up the top five Kink channels for a closer look, and together, these give you a good idea of what to expect from a Kink membership.
Although advertised separately, all Kink.com channels link to the same network portal, include network access, and cost the same to join.
Membership is currently on offer at $27.99 for the first month. The subscription then reverts to the usual monthly rate of $39.99.
Most Popular Channels on Kink.com
Within the Kink network, you have the option of arranging the 91 channels in various orders, including by popularity.
This list changes depending on the number of recent visits, but here are details about the current top five most popular BDSM studios on the Kink network:
Sex and Submission
https://www.kink.com/channel/sex-and-submission
Sex and Submission focuses on top porn stars in master and slave BDSM hardcore scenes. Unlike other Kink sites, such as Hogtied, Device Bondage and Whipped Ass, Sex and Submission takes a more general approach to BDSM, rather than specialising in one aspect of the fetish.
The difference between this and most other BDSM sites comes from the use of professional porn models such as Tommy Pistol, Victoria Voxxx and Ashli Ames. You may have seen some of the girls and guys on standard hardcore sites, but here, it’s all about hard and hurtful domination vs willing submissiveness. You won’t have seen your favourite stars doing this before!
What To Expect on Sex and Submission:
- 823 scenes and galleries.
- 36 categories of BDSM porn.
- Longest video: 2:12:19, a live shoot
- Shortest video: 15 minutes.
- Top video res: 1,280 x 720.
- Two to three updates per month.
- Stars include Johnny Castle, Casey Everett, Kira Noir.
Sex and Submission’s first video was released in 2005. Obviously, the quality back then was not as good as it is today, yet even the modern videos are only at 720p resolution. Other sites in our top lists offer 4K HD (as do Kink in other sites). However, Sex and Submission also offers trailers on the tour, and, being part of the Kink Network, is easy to navigate and use.
At $27.99 for the first month, and $39.99 thereafter, membership comes with full access to Kink.com.
Hogtied
https://www.kink.com/channel/hogtied
Hogtied focuses on extreme bondage where the girls are literally hogtied, gagged, tormented and forced to orgasm. It is one of Kink’s most extreme channels and is also the oldest.
The original Hogtied scenes date from 1998, and there is a generous number of them, although updates can be slow. Unlike other Kink sites, the accompanying photos are not always glossy digital shots, but screencaps, and unlike the generic Sex and Submission, the site focuses on one particular aspect of extreme BDSM: the rope binding, and what can be done to a girl when she is so helplessly bound.
What To Expect on Hogtied:
- 1,366 scenes and galleries (some are screencaps).
- Longest video: 1:50:25 (from 2015)
- Shortest video: 2:05 trailer.
- Top video res: 1,920 x 1,080 HD, and 1,280 x 720 (streaming).
- Two to three updates per month.
- Stars include Luna Lovely, Lumi Ray, and men with handles such as ‘The Pope’ and ‘Sgt. Major.’
Some of the Hogtied videos have been remastered and reposted as updates, and as with all Kink movies, they come with a scene-setting description and a trailer. Downloads are in Mp4 format, and being part of the same network, navigation is easy.
You can wince at the brutality of the Hogtied videos for $27.99 for the first month and gain access to the entire Kink Network with the same membership.
Device Bondage
https://www.kink.com/channel/device-bondage
The thrill of Device Bondage comes from the creators’ passion for inventing new torture devices. It’s another of Kink’s extreme BDSM sites offering beautiful porn girls forced into squirting orgasms, but unlike the others, the devices are as much the stars of the show as the girls and the BDSM.
Device Bondage is one of Kink’s exclusive content sites, and many of the devices are original inventions. Whereas Hogtied focuses on the binding, and Whipped Ass focuses on lesbian dominatrixes and extreme toys, Device Bondage specialises in girls uncomfortably trapped by men and machines. Many of these devices verge on the incredible, and yet Kink makes them possible while also maintaining a level of very hardcore porn.
Kink started this site with a simple caged-girl video back in 2007, but soon got into the swing of things by creating tools, gadgets and machines that no-one else had put into BDSM porn. Although the devices offer a different BDSM porn experience, the quality of staging and filming remains high, and Kink uses just as much technical expertise with this site as it does with its others.
What To Expect on Device Bondage:
- 996 scenes and galleries (some are screencaps).
- Longest video: 2:33:00 (from 2007)
- Shortest video: 9:55.
- Top video res: 1,280 x 720.
- Two updates per month.
- Stars include Victoria Voxxx, Katie Kush, and Brooke Johnson, and for the men, Kink regular, ‘The Pope’ and Orlando.
As with the Hogtied content and other videos from the early days of Kink, some of the Device Bondage movies have been remastered to bring the content up to today’s standards, though 720p seems to be the top resolution.
Also up to scratch are the navigation system and the search and sort options. This site, along with all others in the network, offers much interactivity to members.
Device Bondage is on offer at $27.99 for the first month, with the membership recurring thereafter at the usual price of $39.99 including full network access.
Whipped Ass
https://www.kink.com/channel/whipped-ass
You might think we’re looking at flagellation with Whipped Ass, but this channel also offers lesbian dominatrixes, lesbian fisting, extreme toy play and face sitting. There is some whipping involved, but the site’s main appeal comes from the all-girl cast.
The 933 movies don’t rely on gimmicky devices, as they do in Device Bondage or Fucking Machines, they rely on the rawness of the painful pleasure inflicted on the girls by the girls. The scenes cover pegging, forced orgasms, extreme bondage, breast restriction, spanking, and nipple torture. Some slightly more vanilla episodes give us strap-on sex, fisting and more generic lesbian porn, though the emphasis stays on the extreme.
Whipped Ass isn’t Kink’s only all-lesbian channel. Among their exclusives, you also find Everything Butt, Electro Sluts, and the all-female wrestling collection at Ultimate Surrender.
What To Expect on Whipped Ass:
- 933 scenes and galleries (some are screencaps).
- Longest video: 2:22:24 (from 2007)
- Shortest video: 2:09 (a BTS clip)
- Top video res: 1,280 x 720 (some 1,920 x 1,080).
- Two updates per month of remastered or rotated content.
- Stars include Penthouse Pet Taylor Vixen, and more recently, Audrey Rose, Avi Love, and Aiden Starr.
There is conflicting information about updates. The site holds the same number of videos now as it did 12 months ago, and yet, content is listed with recent upload dates. Either the site is rotating content, or it is remastering older movies and re-releasing them.
Entry price is currently $27.99 for the first month, $39.99 thereafter.
Brutal Sessions
https://www.kink.com/channel/brutal-sessions
Another Kink exclusive, Brutal Sessions offers pure BDSM where the girls are bound and helpless, and used by guys with stiff cocks. It’s a little like their other exclusive site, Families Tied, although that one focuses on BDSM within the stepfamily taboo world. Brutal Sessions is similar to Sex and Submission, because that’s what it gives you: submissive girls and rough sex.
Unlike Whipped Ass where the dominatrixes are in charge, at Brutal Sessions, it’s the men who are firmly in control, giving us a more classic approach to the BDSM dungeon sex action.
What To Expect on Brutal Sessions:
- 119 scenes and galleries (some are screencaps).
- Longest video: 1:16:26
- Shortest video: 40.14
- Top video res: 1,280 x 720 (some 1,920 x 1,080).
- Two updates per month.
- Stars include Tommy Pistol, Bill Bailey and Derrick Pierce piercing London River, Christy Love, and Casey Calvert, among other top porn girls.
Entry prices are also the same at $27.99 for the first month, then $39.99 recurring.
Away from the Kink Network, we have:
Deviant Hardcore
https://www.devianthardcore.com
Deviant Hardcore offers exclusive BDSM scenes with a mix of women dominated by men, and men dominated by women. This sharing of domination roles is one of the site’s strengths because it distributes its dungeon punishments fairly, and leads you through a series of 136 movies in classic BDSM style.
The site offers variety, with action that covers electroshock, forced orgasms, rough sex involving blindfolding, mouth gags, and restraints, and it also has all-girl scenes and erotic fetish sessions. Its variety is reflected in the settings, as some movies are very dark, while others are filmed in white spaces, some in dungeons, and some in bedrooms.
Deviant Hardcore is part of the Metro Network of five sites, but when you head directly to Deviant Hardcore, you find info only about this one site. If you visit Metro, however, you will see that the membership also includes Family Hookups, She Will Cheat, Girl Grind and Kinky Spa. That’s not as many sites as you get with a Kink.com membership, of course, but these are still exclusive sites.
What To Expect on Deviant Hardcore:
- 136 scenes.
- Average length 33 minutes.
- Five sites included.
- No photo galleries
- Top video res: 1,920 x 1,080.
- Stars include Skin Diamond, Aiden Starr, Eva Angelina, Gina Valentina, and Aaliyah Love.
Whether you sign up through Deviant Hardcore or the Metro Network, the price is the same: $24.99 per month, recurring.
Wasteland
Fucking machines, water bondage, face sitting, breast and pussy bondage, punishments and training, spanking and trampling. Those are just some of Wasteland’s sub-niches. Fetish fans come to Wasteland because it’s been online for over 25 years, has more than 1,500 videos, and sticks 100% with its themes of BDSM and fetish in all its forms.
Wasteland has been creating fetish content since 1994 and only uses models who regularly engage in fetish sex on the scene. This is content made by experts. Its exclusive features go above and beyond most of the other available BDSM sites and include Japanese Bondage and Shibari movies, interactive videos, cartoons, illustrations, fiction, guides, fetish articles and Virtual Reality.
The Wasteland tour offers short trailers as tasters, many promises—which appear to be kept—and the site has been featured in mainstream media, including HBO, the BBC, LA Weekly, and Rolling Stone magazine. This is a BDSM porn site you can trust.
What To Expect on Wasteland:
- 1,500 + HD movies.
- Average length 20 minutes.
- 2,000,000 + individual images.
- Top video res: 1,920 x 1,080.
- AVN award winner.
- Interactive sex games, audio stories, chat rooms.
It costs you $34.95 per month to wander the wasteland, and it’s a price worth paying.
Pascal’s Sub Sluts
https://www.pascalssubsluts.com/
Pascal White, the ‘Belgian Bonker’ was born in Belgium in 1970, and has been producing fetish porn for over 30 years. Also working as a porn actor, he has won industry awards, and has been running Pascal’s Sub Sluts with his cameraman and editor, Andy, since 2014.
Pascal’s Sub Sluts provides European BDSM fetish filmed in the UK with mainly British sub girls who submit to a range of kinky punishments. The site is similar in size and age to Wasteland, and remains popular because of the daily updates, the use of amateur girls and porn professionals, the quality of movies and the authenticity of its male domination.
The girls at Pascal’s Sub Sluts are subjected to spanking, slapping, bondage, ball gags, humiliation, rough deep throat, and forced orgasms in unscripted, naturally-playing-out exclusive movies that you can stream and download.
What To Expect on Pascal’s Sub Sluts:
- 1,295 + HD movies.
- Average length 30 minutes.
- Over 850 image sets (average 50 pics per set).
- Top video res: 1,920 x 1,080, with mobile-suitable options.
- Movies arranged by year/month.
- Daily update schedule.
- 20 specialist models under two masters.
Membership costs $29.95 per month.
Adult Empire
Adult Empire holds over 28,000 BDSM movies to stream on demand, from a collection of 165,000 all-niche porn flicks. Popular because of its sensible prices, massive stock, variety and exclusives, Adult Empire is not a 100% themed fetish or BDSM collection, but rather, a massive porn library with a large BDSM section.
This isn’t a site run by fetishists in the way that Wasteland and Kink.com are, but it is a adult VOD site where you only pay for what you watch. It runs an excellent search system with a category page that lists hundreds of niches, and tells you the number of clips and scenes within each heading. There are also 216 pages of full-length fetish DVDs listed, and a porn star index with thousands of top girls and guys, professionals and amateurs.
If you want a generic porn-video site with a large collection of BDSM built in, then Adult Empire serves you well.
What To Expect on Adult Empire:
- Over 47,000 fetish scenes
- 28,743 BDSM scenes
- 4,134 full-length BDSM DVDs
- Streaming quality up to 1080p.
- Many other fetish sub-niches
- Easy navigation
- Reasonable rental prices
- Some exclusives
Adult Prime Studios
Adult Prime is a collection of 130+ porn sites under one membership. These were once standalone sites, but are now part of a massive network which includes some BDSM sites. It’s those we’re going to look at here, but if your hankering for fetish content is equal to your love of all other kinds of porn, then Adult Prime makes for an excellent, generic porn membership, with a satisfying amount of BDSM content included.
The great and good appear in the Adult Prime studios list: Elegant Raw, Lara’s Playground, Jim Slip and 21 Sextury among them, and each holds its own number of scenes that can be streamed or downloaded in resolutions right up to 4K HD (depending on age). Adult Prime also adds multiple updates per week, so you’re never going to go short of porn. There are more than 28,000 videos here and over 28,000 galleries.
Nice, but what about its BDSM and fetish porn?
Among the list of Adult Prime participating studios, you’ll find some BDSM and some varied kink collections including:
- Bondagettes
- Bound Men Wanked
- Kink (some bonus material only)
- Public Sex Date
- Submissed
- The Pain Files
- Wasteland (some bonus material only)
Let’s have a quick look at three of those collections; the ones that specialise in BDSM and heavy fetish.
Submissed
https://adultprime.com/studios/studio/Submissed
Submissed has 800+ videos and offers varied BDSM.
Much of its content is filmed in run-down industrial settings, giving a harder edge to the overall look, and the content focuses on domination. Girls are brought to forced orgasm with magic wands, they are bound and fucked, gagged and strapped. In return, there’s an equal number of scenes where the guys are tied and jerked, forced into humiliation and edged, pegged or whipped.
Adult Prime holds 778 videos from Submissed.
Bondagettes
https://adultprime.com/studios/studio/Bondagettes
Bondagettes concentrates on women being dominated by men. The girls are bound, hung from the ceiling, strapped to devices, and chained in cages. Unlike Submissed, it’s 100% pure male domination of women, and its contribution to Adult Prime numbers 110 movies.
Most of the bound babes are under 30, while their doms tend to be older. You might question the use of the word ‘porn’ here, because there is no or very little sex; it’s all about the psychological pleasure of inflicting and receiving pain. The guys stay clothed, but the girls do not.
The Pain Files
https://adultprime.com/studios/studio/Thepainfiles
Extreme BDSM is the thrust of The Pain Files, a collection of 77 videos within Adult Prime. We’re talking hard hardcore here, with nipple torture, hot wax, extreme tit bondage, BDSM, spanking, and again, male domination of women. Some of the material is so hard, the site’s Adult Prime listing comes with a warning.
The downer with The Pain Files is that it hasn’t added any new content since 2021, and remains static. However, you have access to many other BDSM channels at Adult Prime, as we’ve seen, and this archive still offers good quality fetish, and pure BDSM in particular.
Fetish Network
The Fetish Network prides itself on bringing you unique and authentic fetish content in a community site that has its roots in the New York and London underground fetish/BDSM scenes. Begun in 1994, it is a network now advertising more than 40 sites, 3,000+ videos, photos, and frequent updates.
Your pass gives you a mix of reality porn that includes fetish action, and pure fetish scenes without storylines. The network can be easily searched by its various sections, and in the sub-niches, you will find tricked teens, arrested escorts, slave training, humiliated girls, Japanese femdom, and breast bondage, with some content shot in POV style.
There are too many individual sites to mention, but Fetish Network has seven main category headings.
- BDSM and bondage
- Spanking
- Smothering
- Femdom
- Jerk off instructions
- Nylon fetish
- Smoking
A membership will cost you $39.95 per month.
InSex
InSex has had two incarnations. First launched in 1997 in the USA, it held arguably the most extreme BDSM productions featuring submissive women until its sale in 2006.
These days, it contains content from a selection of network sites including Hardtied, Infernal Restraints, Real Time Bondage and Top Girl.
Now offering a streaming-only membership, InSex contains 1,912 videos dating from 2010, and the content remains extreme. It presents itself in a very different way to standard BDSM sites, calls it models ‘artists’, and has a tour which gives you brief trailers from its videos, but one which avoids the gloss and glamour we see on sites like Kink and Deviant Hardcore.
Each of the participating sites offers hardcore BDSM movies on similar themes, so you’re entering a bubbling melting pot of all things fetish. Within that crucible of cruelty, you will find quality movies that cover a variety of BDSM fetish specialities, including:
Those are but a few. InSex continues to push boundaries, and remains one of the few non-glossy, specialised BDSM collections on the net, and, having been a video on demand site, is now a membership site.
Entry will cost you $49.00 for a non-recurring, 30-day membership.
Where Can I Watch Amateur BDSM Porn?
Although studio-produced BDSM porn is usually high-quality and shot using professional BDSM porn stars, there is also something clinical about it; something not quite real.
If you want BDSM realness, you need to find a site where the couple of swingers from next door post their homemade clips. Where couples get off by sharing their sitting room flagellation sessions, and where ordinary girls and guys come together to cum together while indulging in home BDSM.
These sites exist, but they are not free tube sites, and nor are they free. Expect to pay to access authentic BDSM clips and a private community of fetishists, and expect paywalls before you can view homemade content. Alternatively, you can buy private clips, and there is no reason you can’t also sell your own.
Here, we have the lowdown on two of the best sites offering amateur BDSM porn.
Clips4Sale
Clips4Sale is an award-winning adult industry site that has more than 7 million fetish clips. The site makes it obvious from the start that you are looking at clips, not full scenes, so there is no false advertising.
This is an all-encompassing fetish site, but one which holds BDSM and BDSM Instruction categories. Hit the homepage, and you find a mass of content but also a mass of different ways to find what you want from the millions of clips for sale.
The search and sort navigation tools are excellent, and there’s a long category list so you can really get into detail. The content is presented by ‘studios’ but don’t take that as meaning Kink.com and their ilk, but small, independent setups and genuine amateurs.
Each clip comes with information about runtime, playback quality, origin, and short 11-second previews (which don’t always show you BDSM sex). From there, you can add the clip to your cart, buy it now, or save it in a list to come back to later.
Clips4Sale is very well organised, incredibly well stocked, and charges reasonable prices.
FetLife
FetLife is a BDSM community with over 10 million registered users. The idea is you register (for free), create your own fetish story, and join any of the 163,000 groups. It’s not just a BDSM dating or hookup site, but a community site in the true sense of the word. A place for BDSM and other fetish fans to meet, discuss, share, and make new friendships.
Although FetLife holds more than 76,360,00 videos, you’re not going to see any of these until you are registered. Similarly, you can’t search members’ profiles until you are inside.
However, once registered and in the members’ area, you find plenty to explore, including:
- 163,774 special interest groups
- Fetish events in your area and worldwide
- Create your own event, virtual or real
- Physical groups, locations and events near you and worldwide
- Writings
- Kinktionary (dictionary/guide to fetish words and expressions)
- Linked fetish tag words for filtering
- Videos and images (via groups)
- Upload your own vids and pics
- Searchable profiles to browse
- Messages, add friends, follow other members
As for pure BDSM content, run a simple search in the members’ area and you will find:
- 7,439 kinksters (as members are called)
- 194,005 pictures
- 12,011 videos
- 3,469 groups
- 1,552 fetishes
- FetLife is 99% Free.
Everything so far has been free and in that respect, FetLife offers a fantastic free service. However, there is a great deal more premium content than free content—particularly videos and very popular posts—and if you want to view this, you will have to pay.
The good news is it only costs $5.00 per month to support FetLife.
Or Try Your Luck on the Tube Sites…
There’s always another way to find free BDSM content, and that’s through the mainstream porn tubes. You might be lucky and come across some decent amateur content, you will probably find a lot of what we’ve already covered from the major players, but the chances are, you will be hampered in your search.
Advertising and the usual free-tube clutter pages are one obstacle, the other is a decreased amount of unverified amateur content.
A couple of years ago, PornHub took off around 10 million videos after fears that illegal and inappropriate content might lead to legal action. Other tube sites followed suit, and much homemade, amateur BDSM was removed as part of the cull. Having said that, there’s still plenty to find…
What Is The Oldest BDSM Porn Site?
Although the term BDSM (Bondage & Sadomasochism) was in use in the fetish underworld, it wasn’t until 1996 that the term became more widely used. It was in 1997 that Peter Acworth created Hogtied.com, a site that can be considered the first BDSM site on the net. Hogtied became Kink.com and the rest, as they say, is history.
InSex.com comes a close second, having also been founded in 1997 by Brent Scott, but lasted, in its original form, until only 2005. Kink.com is still going from strength to strength, so, it’s reasonable to say that Kink.com is the oldest still-existing BDSM porn site on the net.
If we go back even further, BDSM porn has been around for aeons in one form or another.
One of the oldest depictions of a BDSM act is found in a wall painting in an Etruscan tomb in Italy and has been dated at 490 BC! The coming of photography in the 19th century saw the rise in ‘naughty’ images of maids being punished by hoary older men, and the word, pornography, was first coined around the middle of that century.
Unfortunately, there’s no website with the archived images, so we’ll have to settle on Hogtied. 😉
Do Any BDSM Porn Sites Offer Interactive Games?
While some mainstream porn sites have expanded their services by offering interactive games, none of the major BDSM porn sites have taken this path.
If you want to immerse yourself in the world of interactive BDSM porn, your best bet is to check out our list of the top-rated BDSM sex simulators.
Are There Any Virtual Reality BDSM Sites?
Yes. There are several sites that include Virtual Reality BDSM where, thanks to a headset and specially formatted videos, you can feel like you are a part of the action.
The top VR porn sites usually have category lists, but not many have a category for BDSM, meaning you have to run a keyword search to see what they might have. Sites that return a decent amount of BDSM content include:
- POVR (290)
- SinsVR (5)
- BaDoinkVR (64)
- SexLikeReal (328)
- KinkVR (6)
- SpankBang (61)
- Wasteland also has a section for virtual and 3D BDSM porn
However, there are few sites entirely dedicated to exclusive BDSM, shot and shown in VR. Your best option is to choose an aggregator site that provides BDSM videos from multiple studios. For aggregating the hottest VR porn scenes, we recommend VRPorn.com, Sex Like Real or POVR.
Try Virtual Reality BDSM on VRPorn.com
VRPorn.com is our favorite site with a dedicated BDSM VR category, and it holds 350 BDSM videos shot for your virtual reality viewing pleasure. These come from a variety of other sites, including:
- VR Bangers
- Sins VR
- House of Lust
- perVRt.com
- Real Jam VR
- Virtual Real Porn
- Italian Fetish Lovers
- Kinky Girls Berlin
If you are only interested in the BDSM content, you can take out a subscription to VRPorn.com and enjoy scenes from multiple studios with a single pass. Good value, and extremely immersive viewing.
Phew! That wraps up our coverage of the hottest BDSM porn sites.
Are there any top BDSM sites that we’ve missed? Let us know your hidden bondage gems.
